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Abbreviation: DL
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Long Form No. Long Form Research Area Co-occurring Abbreviation PubMed/MEDLINE Info. (Year, Title)
deep learning
(3416 times)
Medical Informatics
(407 times)
ML (520 times)
AI (396 times)
CNN (367 times)
2015 Extreme Learning Machine for Multilayer Perceptron.
detection limit
(274 times)
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical
(85 times)
QL (26 times)
RSD (15 times)
CV (11 times)
1992 Nocturnal plasma levels of cytokines in healthy men.
direct laryngoscopy
(239 times)
Emergency Medicine
(70 times)
VL (109 times)
CI (21 times)
ETI (21 times)
1989 Indirect videolaryngoscopy versus direct endoscopy for larynx and pharynx cancer staging. Toward elimination of preliminary direct laryngoscopy.
drug loading
(211 times)
Pharmacology
(79 times)
EE (140 times)
PDI (33 times)
DSC (21 times)
2003 [Preparation of cucurbitacinBE polylactic acid nano-particles for targeting cervical lymph nodes].
dose levels
(127 times)
Neoplasms
(94 times)
MTD (46 times)
DLT (39 times)
DLTs (16 times)
1995 Phase I clinical and pharmacological study of suppression of human antimouse antibody response to monoclonal antibody L6 by deoxyspergualin.
Dalton's lymphoma
(115 times)
Neoplasms
(31 times)
TAM (7 times)
BMC (6 times)
BMDM (6 times)
1990 Activation of murine macrophages by tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interferon-gamma and cisplatin.
dorsolateral
(101 times)
Neurology
(38 times)
DM (35 times)
VL (16 times)
PAG (13 times)
1975 [Effects of stimulating the caudal zones of the mesencephalic reticular formation on the postcruciate cortex of the cat].
dichotic listening
(94 times)
Neurology
(38 times)
REA (25 times)
LEA (11 times)
CV (10 times)
1981 Cortical laterality and asymmetry of the Hoffmann reflex in psychiatric patients.
diagnostic laparoscopy
(88 times)
General Surgery
(56 times)
CT (9 times)
PAT (8 times)
TL (8 times)
1991 Diagnostic laparotomy in fever of unknown origin.
10  dyslipidemia
(77 times)
Medicine
(10 times)
HT (33 times)
DM (27 times)
CVD (8 times)
1996 A metabolic syndrome in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. A controlled study.
11  dioxin-like
(75 times)
Environmental Health
(46 times)
PCBs (45 times)
NDL (27 times)
AhR (12 times)
2006 Contamination of free-range chicken eggs with dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls.
12  diode laser
(68 times)
Dentistry
(17 times)
SRP (15 times)
CAL (11 times)
VAS (7 times)
1996 Semiconductor diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation versus filtering surgery with Mitomycin-C.
13  distal latency
(62 times)
Neurology
(21 times)
DCI (20 times)
IRP (15 times)
HRM (13 times)
1982 [Motor conduction velocities and distal latencies in multiple sclerosis].
14  dictionary learning
(47 times)
Diagnostic Imaging
(10 times)
CS (9 times)
CT (7 times)
RMSE (3 times)
2013 Improving abdomen tumor low-dose CT images using a fast dictionary learning based processing.
15  drug-likeness
(47 times)
Complementary Therapies
(14 times)
OB (42 times)
PPI (15 times)
GO (14 times)
2017 Elucidation of the Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Bupleuri and Scutellariae Radix Using System Pharmacological Analyses.
16  distance learning
(44 times)
Education
(10 times)
CL (3 times)
DE (2 times)
FF (2 times)
2001 The virtual revolution: implications for academe.
17  difference limen
(41 times)
Psychology
(15 times)
PSE (9 times)
CI (2 times)
IOI (2 times)
1969 Behavioral discrimination of click intensity in cat.
18  Dieulafoy's lesion
(40 times)
Gastroenterology
(16 times)
GI (11 times)
EBL (3 times)
APC (2 times)
2005 Dieulafoy's lesion: a case series study.
19  double layer
(40 times)
Chemistry
(14 times)
SL (10 times)
DSSCs (2 times)
EIS (2 times)
1993 Comparison of continuous single layer polypropylene anastomosis with double layer and stapled anastomoses in elective colon resections.
20  ductal lavage
(38 times)
Neoplasms
(28 times)
NAF (5 times)
RPFNA (5 times)
DCIS (3 times)
2002 The utility of ductal lavage in breast cancer detection and risk assessment.
21  delayed luminescence
(37 times)
Biochemistry
(11 times)
TCM (3 times)
ATP (2 times)
HDW (2 times)
1977 [Delayed chloroplast luminescence. Activation and suppression].
22  distolingual
(37 times)
Dentistry
(32 times)
DB (23 times)
MB (13 times)
ML (10 times)
2005 Effect of partial recording protocols on estimates of prevalence of periodontal disease.
23  drip loss
(36 times)
Nutritional Sciences
(13 times)
CL (17 times)
WHC (12 times)
SF (10 times)
2001 Estimation of the genetic parameters of meat characteristics and of their genetic correlations with growth and body composition in an experimental broiler line.
24  demarcation line
(32 times)
Ophthalmology
(9 times)
EGC (7 times)
M-NBI (7 times)
AS-OCT (5 times)
1987 Existence of a connecting system in the flagellar apparatus and the accessory structures of Trypanosoma evansi.
25  desloratadine
(27 times)
Allergy and Immunology
(11 times)
FEX (2 times)
FSA (2 times)
HPLC (2 times)
2001 Evaluation of the interaction of loratadine and desloratadine with P-glycoprotein.
26  direct lateral
(27 times)
Orthopedics
(19 times)
THA (17 times)
DA (15 times)
PL (7 times)
2013 Does the surgical approach in one stage bilateral total hip arthroplasty affect blood loss?
27  deadlift
(26 times)
Sports Medicine
(14 times)
BP (10 times)
SQ (10 times)
1RM (4 times)
1988 Time to fatigue during isometric exercise using different muscle masses.
28  delayed loading
(25 times)
Dentistry
(20 times)
IL (18 times)
EL (3 times)
ISQ (2 times)
2004 Implant stability measurement of delayed and immediately loaded implants during healing.
29  Donath-Landsteiner
(24 times)
Hematology
(15 times)
PCH (18 times)
AIHA (7 times)
RBC (3 times)
1975 Autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
30  dim light
(22 times)
Physiology
(9 times)
BL (13 times)
EEG (2 times)
LE (2 times)
1991 Bright light effects on body temperature, alertness, EEG and behavior.
31  disseminated leishmaniasis
(20 times)
Tropical Medicine
(8 times)
CL (15 times)
ML (6 times)
ATL (5 times)
2002 Disseminated leishmaniasis: a new and emerging form of leishmaniasis observed in northeastern Brazil.
32  DROOPING LEAF
(19 times)
Botany
(10 times)
CRC (3 times)
dl (2 times)
FCP1 (2 times)
2002 SUPERWOMAN1 and DROOPING LEAF genes control floral organ identity in rice.
33  deltoid ligament
(18 times)
Orthopedics
(8 times)
MCS (5 times)
AITFL (4 times)
AOFAS (4 times)
1996 [Lesions of the collateral ligaments of the ankle: diagnosis and follow-up with magnetic resonance and ultrasonography].
34  dominant lethal
(18 times)
Genetics
(11 times)
DI (3 times)
EMS (2 times)
SLT (2 times)
1975 Innate metabolic differences and mutagen sensitivity of Drosophila melanogaster. I. Radiosensitivity of hyperkinetic mutant.
35  DerSimonian-Laird
(17 times)
Medicine
(4 times)
CI (3 times)
HKSJ (2 times)
MH (2 times)
1999 Evidence that metastasis is less common in cirrhotic than normal liver: a systematic review of post-mortem case-control studies.
36  disabled list
(17 times)
Sports Medicine
(8 times)
MLB (14 times)
MRI (3 times)
UCL (3 times)
2013 Glenohumeral findings on magnetic resonance imaging correlate with innings pitched in asymptomatic pitchers.
37  decompressive laparotomy
(16 times)
Traumatology
(4 times)
ACS (9 times)
IAP (4 times)
ECMO (3 times)
2007 Increased intra-abdominal, intrathoracic, and intracranial pressure after severe brain injury: multiple compartment syndrome.
38  defensive linemen
(16 times)
Physiology
(13 times)
OL (15 times)
DB (11 times)
LB (10 times)
1988 Isokinetic leg flexion and extension strength of university football players.
39  dentate line
(16 times)
General Surgery
(8 times)
LAR (4 times)
ARL (3 times)
HD (2 times)
1986 [Problems in general rules/TNM classification, and prognosis--rectal cancer].
40  dermatopathic lymphadenitis
(16 times)
Pathology
(6 times)
LCH (3 times)
AOSD (2 times)
LC (2 times)
1980 Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy and lymph node involvement in mycosis fungoides.
41  downlink
(16 times)
Biosensing Techniques
(6 times)
UL (10 times)
BLE (2 times)
CSI (2 times)
2013 Dynamic subframe allocation for mobile broadband m-health using IEEE 802.16j mobile multihop relay networks.
42  description logic
(15 times)
Medical Informatics
(10 times)
MSC (2 times)
BFO (1 time)
CMMs (1 time)
2006 Use of description logic classification to reason about consequences of penetrating injuries.
43  difficult laryngoscopy
(15 times)
Medicine
(4 times)
AUC (5 times)
CI (4 times)
ROC (4 times)
2003 Increased body mass index per se is not a predictor of difficult laryngoscopy.
44  double-layered
(15 times)
Brain
(2 times)
CM (2 times)
PAG (2 times)
RC (2 times)
1983 Collaterals of spinothalamic cells in the rat.
45  double-leg
(15 times)
Sports Medicine
(8 times)
SL (13 times)
ANOVA (1 time)
BESS (1 time)
1998 Altered lung mechanics after double-lung transplantation.
46  day length
(14 times)
Physiology
(7 times)
AI (1 time)
AT (1 time)
DMI (1 time)
1984 Seasonal relationships of thyroid, sexual and adrenocortical hormones to nutritional parameters and climatic factors in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of south Texas.
47  dominant leg
(14 times)
Sports Medicine
(6 times)
NDL (9 times)
COP (2 times)
NL (2 times)
2013 Side-to-side differences in the lower leg muscle-bone unit in male soccer players.
48  decidual lymphocytes
(13 times)
Allergy and Immunology
(11 times)
PBL (9 times)
DAC (5 times)
NK (3 times)
1994 Differential expression of adhesion and homing molecules by human decidual and peripheral blood lymphocytes in early pregnancy.
49  dried latex
(13 times)
Biochemistry
(5 times)
CPH (2 times)
PBZ (2 times)
ALT (1 time)
2004 Histamine mediates the pro-inflammatory effect of latex of Calotropis procera in rats.
50  deep layer
(12 times)
Nuclear Medicine
(2 times)
UL (4 times)
SL (3 times)
ML (2 times)
1980 Alcian blue staining during the formation of mesoblast in the primitive streak stage chick blastoderm.
51  DiversiLab
(12 times)
Microbiology
(8 times)
PFGE (8 times)
rep-PCR (6 times)
MRSA (4 times)
2010 Evaluation of the DiversiLab system for detection of hospital outbreaks of infections by different bacterial species.
52  d-limonene
(11 times)
Veterinary Medicine
(2 times)
AChE (1 time)
alpha2u (1 time)
ASA (1 time)
1999 Evaluation of potential disinfectants for preslaughter broiler crop decontamination.
53  differential learning
(11 times)
Physiology
(3 times)
CI (2 times)
EEG (2 times)
ACL (1 time)
2015 On the optimal degree of fluctuations in practice for motor learning.
54  double-lumen
(11 times)
General Surgery
(4 times)
SL (6 times)
CVCs (2 times)
HB (2 times)
1990 Increased infection rate in double-lumen versus single-lumen Hickman catheters in cancer patients.
55  de leche
(10 times)
Veterinary Medicine
(4 times)
HMF (2 times)
CE (1 time)
DAD (1 time)
2004 Sensory shelf life of dulce de leche.
56  drug loading capacity
(10 times)
Pharmacology
(6 times)
EE (8 times)
PDI (3 times)
SLNs (2 times)
2007 Preparation and characteristic of vinorelbine bitartrate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles.
57  dark-light
(9 times)
Behavioral Sciences
(2 times)
EPM (3 times)
LD (3 times)
AAS (1 time)
2001 Strain differences in some immune parameters can be obscured by circadian variations and laboratory routines: studies of male C57BL/6J, Balb/c and CB6 F1 mice.
58  decision levels
(9 times)
Environmental Health
(3 times)
ROC (3 times)
COPD (2 times)
MDA (2 times)
1992 Exact calculation of probabilities of false positives and false negatives for low background counting.
59  duct ligation
(9 times)
Pathology
(5 times)
ICG (2 times)
PAH (2 times)
2-DG (1 time)
1986 Relation between renal and hepatic excretion of drugs: I. Phenol red in comparison with p-aminohippurate and indocyanine green.
60  dauer larvae
(8 times)
Biology
(4 times)
EPNs (1 time)
RH (1 time)
TAG (1 time)
2012 Low survivorship of dauer larva in the nematode Caenorhabditis japonica, a potential comparative system for a model organism, C. elegans.
61  decision latitude
(8 times)
Occupational Medicine
(6 times)
PJD (5 times)
CI (2 times)
PD (2 times)
2004 [Reliability of the Karasek scale in the assessment of perceived occupational stress and gender-related differences in scores. The SEMM study].
62  dedifferentiated liposarcoma
(8 times)
Pathology
(4 times)
WDL (3 times)
FISH (2 times)
AL (1 time)
1997 Fibrohistiocytic differentiation in subcutaneous fatty tumors. Study of spindle cell, pleomorphic, myxoid, and atypical lipoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma cases composed in part of CD34+ fibroblasts and FXIIIa+ histiocytes.
63  diltiazem
(8 times)
Toxicology
(3 times)
NF (6 times)
HB (5 times)
AH (3 times)
1985 Antiarrhythmic effect of diltiazem during halothane anesthesia in dogs and in humans.
64  dorsolateral area
(8 times)
Neurology
(7 times)
MT (7 times)
DM (3 times)
CO (2 times)
1988 Cortical connections of area 18 and dorsolateral visual cortex in squirrel monkeys.
65  drop landing
(8 times)
Sports Medicine
(5 times)
DVJ (2 times)
FVJ (2 times)
ACL (1 time)
2009 Does a drop landing represent a whole skill landing and is this moderated by fatigue?
66  drug loading efficiency
(8 times)
Pharmacology
(3 times)
EE (8 times)
PTX (2 times)
AA (1 time)
2011 A novel strategy for encapsulating poorly soluble drug into nanostructured lipid carriers for intravenous administration.
67  dryland
(8 times)
Environmental Health
(2 times)
CL (2 times)
PF (2 times)
XA (2 times)
2004 Muscle activity and heart rate response during backward walking in water and on dry land.
68  deep learning-based
(7 times)
Medical Informatics
(2 times)
DSC (2 times)
AI (1 time)
ATL (1 time)
2020 Frequency and phase correction of J-difference edited MR spectra using deep learning.
69  deep level
(7 times)
Nanotechnology
(3 times)
NBE (5 times)
PL (2 times)
UV (2 times)
2005 Effects of thermal annealing on the structural and optical properties of Mg(x)Zn(1-x)O nanocrystals.
70  Delta-like
(7 times)
Allergy and Immunology
(4 times)
DN3 (2 times)
AIA (1 time)
HSPCs (1 time)
2010 Context-dependent regulation of hematopoietic lineage choice by HEBAlt.
71  didactic lecture
(7 times)
General Surgery
(2 times)
CBL (2 times)
CM (1 time)
CRC (1 time)
1987 A comparison of the teaching effectiveness of the didactic lecture and the problem-oriented small group session: a prospective study.
72  diffuse layer
(7 times)
Chemistry
(5 times)
BIL (4 times)
EKT (1 time)
EOI (1 time)
2014 Real-time dual-loop electric current measurement for label-free nanofluidic preconcentration chip.
73  diffuse leiomyomatosis
(7 times)
Pediatrics
(2 times)
AS (5 times)
ASDL (1 time)
ATS (1 time)
1993 Deletion of the paired alpha 5(IV) and alpha 6(IV) collagen genes in inherited smooth muscle tumors.
74  digital literacy
(7 times)
Health
(1 time)
CSE (1 time)
CWS (1 time)
eHL (1 time)
2020 Health literacy, digital literacy and eHealth literacy in Danish nursing students at entry and graduate level: a cross sectional study.
75  dioxane lignin
(7 times)
Chemistry
(4 times)
MWL (4 times)
DFRC (2 times)
G-S (2 times)
2000 Structural characterization of the lignin from the nodes and internodes of Arundo donax reed.
76  distal motor latency
(7 times)
Neurology
(5 times)
CTS (3 times)
CV (2 times)
ADM (1 time)
1983 An experimental study of the combined effects of n-hexane and methyl ethyl ketone.
77  distributed learning
(7 times)
Brain
(2 times)
ML (3 times)
CAPCE (1 time)
CE (1 time)
2002 The role of open learning in nurse education. Does it have a place?
78  dominant limb
(7 times)
Sports Medicine
(4 times)
NDL (3 times)
IL (2 times)
IOIs (2 times)
2017 Modulation of Isometric Quadriceps Strength in Soccer Players With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: A Crossover Study.
79  dorsal lumbotomy
(7 times)
Urology
(5 times)
DLEL (1 time)
door (1 time)
ESRD (1 time)
2009 Short stay pyeloplasty with transverse dorsal lumbotomy incision: our 10-year experience.
80  dorsolateral visual area
(7 times)
Neurology
(7 times)
MT (4 times)
DI (3 times)
DM (3 times)
1984 Cortical connections of the middle temporal visual area (MT) and the superior temporal cortex in owl monkeys.
81  double loop
(7 times)
General Surgery
(2 times)
SL (4 times)
SC (2 times)
AHD (1 time)
2007 Biomechanical comparison of dual interlocking single loop and double loop tension band techniques to the classic AO tension band technique for repair of olecranon osteotomies in dogs.
82  driveline
(7 times)
Cardiology
(4 times)
LVAD (3 times)
HMII (2 times)
DLI (1 time)
2014 Modified HeartMate II driveline externalization technique significantly decreases incidence of infection and improves long-term survival.
83  drug levels
(7 times)
Pharmacology
(2 times)
ADAb (1 time)
anti-TNF (1 time)
AUC (1 time)
1993 Effects of phencyclidine-type drugs in rats discriminating fentanyl from saline: pharmacological and behavioral characterization of intermediate levels of drug lever selection.
84  drug load
(7 times)
Pharmacology
(4 times)
BLK (3 times)
CAR (2 times)
CS (2 times)
2009 Polybutylcyanoacrylate magnetic nanoparticles as carriers of adriamycin.
85  drug-like
(7 times)
Complementary Therapies
(4 times)
OB (6 times)
KEGG (4 times)
TCMSP (4 times)
2020 [Network pharmacological study of Schizonepetae Herba and Saposhnikoviae Radix in treatment of ulcerative colitis].
86  lung diffusing capacity
(7 times)
Physiology
(3 times)
CO (3 times)
NO (3 times)
VA (3 times)
1991 Effect of lung volume and positional changes on pulmonary diffusing capacity and its components.
87  dehydrocostus lactone
(6 times)
Biology
(2 times)
NF-kappaB (2 times)
AP-1 (1 time)
DAI (1 time)
2000 Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production and NF-kappaB activation by a sesquiterpene from Saussurea lappa.
88  developmental level
(6 times)
Psychology
(4 times)
ASD (1 time)
ASI (1 time)
DQ (1 time)
1976 Perceptual development on the Rorschach.
89  device-less
(6 times)
Transplantation
(3 times)
KC (3 times)
LR (2 times)
4DCT (1 time)
2016 Harnessing the Foreign Body Reaction in Marginal Mass Device-less Subcutaneous Islet Transplantation in Mice.
90  diamond-like
(6 times)
Chemistry
(3 times)
SHG (5 times)
NLO (4 times)
ICSD (1 time)
2018 Nonbonding Electrons Driven Strong SHG Effect in Hg2GeSe4: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations.
91  discharge letter
(6 times)
Medicine
(3 times)
GP (3 times)
DS (1 time)
GPs (1 time)
1994 [A short discharge letter with a copy to the patient--satisfactory for patients and practitioners].
92  dry latex
(6 times)
Pharmacology
(6 times)
ALP (1 time)
ALT (1 time)
AST (1 time)
2000 Preliminary studies on the analgesic activity of latex of Calotropris procera.
93  drylot
(6 times)
Veterinary Medicine
(5 times)
ALF (2 times)
BCS (2 times)
BW (2 times)
1995 Growth and tissue accretion of lambs fed concentrate in drylot, grazed on alfalfa or ryegrass at weaning, or after backgrounding on ryegrass.
94  daylight
(5 times)
Therapeutics
(1 time)
MAL (2 times)
PDT (2 times)
AL (1 time)
2011 Effects of prior light exposure on early evening performance, subjective sleepiness, and hormonal secretion.
95  Definitive laparotomy
(5 times)
Traumatology
(2 times)
AL (1 time)
DC (1 time)
DCL (1 time)
1993 'Damage control': an approach for improved survival in exsanguinating penetrating abdominal injury.
96  deformable liposomes
(5 times)
Pharmacology
(2 times)
CL (3 times)
TEM (2 times)
DEL (1 time)
2011 Skin delivery of ferulic acid from different vesicular systems.
97  demyelinating leukoencephalitis
(5 times)
Allergy and Immunology
(2 times)
CDV (3 times)
IL (2 times)
TGF (2 times)
1999 Dominating interleukin-10 mRNA expression induction in cerebrospinal fluid cells of dogs with natural canine distemper virus induced demyelinating and non-demyelinating CNS lesions.
98  dental lamina
(5 times)
Anatomy
(3 times)
VL (4 times)
CLSM (1 time)
EPOS (1 time)
1998 Observations on early development of the murine fetal oral vestibule.
99  distributed leadership
(5 times)
Health Services Administration
(2 times)
DLA (1 time)
GPs (1 time)
HR (1 time)
2014 Potential challenges facing distributed leadership in health care: evidence from the UK National Health Service.
100  drive for leanness
(5 times)
Psychology
(2 times)
DM (4 times)
DT (4 times)
ED (1 time)
2008 Drive for leanness: assessment and relationship to gender, gender role and objectification.